ISIHLUNGI SAMAFUTHA KADILISI

Umsebenzi wesitimela sikagesi kanye nesakhiwo ezinye zezici ezibaluleke kakhulu ezinquma ukusebenza kwesitimela sikagesi. Kusukela enjinini yokuhlunga kuya kwezinye izingxenye ezibalulekile njengesistimu yokuhambisa, ukwakheka kwesitimela sikagesi kuyinkimbinkimbi ukuze kunikwe amandla ukusebenza kahle kwamandla nokuphepha.

Enye yezingxenye ezibalulekile zesitimela sikagesi injini yokuhlunga. Le njini inomthwalo wemfanelo wokuhlunga umoya odingekayo ohlelweni lokupholisa lwenjini kagesi kanye nokunikeza umoya ohlanzekile emakamelweni esitimela. Injini yokuhlunga kusitimela sikagesi iyafana naleyo esenjinini eshisayo yesitimela sikadizili, ngaphandle kokuthi ingxenye eshisa uphethiloli ingekho.

Ezitimeleni zesimanje zikagesi, lezi zinjini zivame ukuhlonyiswa ngamasistimu okuhlunga athuthukile ukuze asuse ukungcola ngempumelelo. Inqubo yokuhlunga ingasusa ubuthi nezinhlayiya ezikhona emoyeni, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kanye nokulimala okuyingozi ezingxenyeni ezibalulekile.

Umsebenzi wenjini yokuhlunga yesitimela sikagesi ubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi izinjini zikagesi zithola ukugeleza komoya okungaguquki nokuhlanzekile. Ukugeleza komoya kusiza ukulawula izinga lokushisa lemoto kagesi, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nokuphila isikhathi eside.

Ngaphezu kwenjini yokuhlunga, isistimu yokushayela yesitimela sikagesi nayo ibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kahle. Uhlelo lwe-propulsion luqukethe izingxenye ezimbalwa ezibalulekile, kufaka phakathi i-transformer eyinhloko, i-traction motor, kanye nesistimu yokulawula.

I-transformer eyinhloko inesibopho sokushintsha i-voltage ye-AC ekhiqizwa i-catenary ephezulu noma ukunikezwa kukaloliwe wesithathu ku-voltage ye-DC edingwa yinjini yokudonsa. I-traction motor iyinjini kagesi enika amandla amasondo esitimela futhi inikeza ukuhamba. Isistimu yokulawula ilawula amandla kagesi kanye namanje anikezwa injini yokudonsa, iqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza kahle kwamandla.

Isistimu kagesi yesitimela sikagesi iyinkimbinkimbi ngendlela emangalisayo, idinga amasistimu ambalwa okuphepha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha. Olunye uhlelo olunjalo lokuphepha i-automatic circuit breaker, evikela ukugcwala kukagesi kanye namaphutha angalimaza uhlelo lukagesi.

Ukwengeza, uhlelo lokubhuleka lwesitimela sikagesi nalo lubalulekile ekuphepheni kwesitimela kanye nasekuphepheni kwabagibeli. Ezitimeleni zesimanje zikagesi, isistimu yokubhuleka ngokuvamile iyinhlanganisela yamasistimu amabhuleki kagesi kanye nemishini ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nokuphephile kokumisa.

Sengiphetha, umsebenzi nokwakheka kwesitimela sikagesi kubalulekile ekunqumeni ukusebenza nokuphepha kwalezi zitimela. Injini yokuhlunga yesitimela sikagesi inesibopho sokuhlinzeka ngokugeleza komoya okuhlanzekile nokungaguquguquki enjini kagesi, kuyilapho isistimu yokuhambisa iqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza kahle kwamandla. Lezi zinhlelo ezibucayi zisekelwa ezinye izinhlelo zokuphepha ezimbalwa kanye nezingxenye, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izitimela zikagesi ziphephile futhi zithembekile ukuthutha abagibeli nezimpahla.