ISIHLULO SAMANZI ESINGAHLULULWA AMANZI ESILISI ESELI

ILand Cruiser

Kwi-1985, imodeli yavela kwimodeli emfutshane ye-70 kwaye ebizwa ngokuba yi "square Wagon" yenza i-debut yayo.Emva koko, yathiywa igama elithi land cruiser prado (Land Cruiser Overlord) "Model 70" ngo-1990. Umzimba ufumaneka ngohlobo olufutshane lwamavili kunye ne-4-door long wheelbase.Inkqubo yokuqhuba ithatha i-4-wheel helical spring rigid suspension, kunye ne-injini yi-2446cc2l-te turbocharged.Emva kuka-1993, "1kz-te" 4-cylinder 2982cc turbocharged injini yedizili isetyenziselwa ukulungelelanisa amandla kunye nokuthula.Ideshibhodi kunye neminye imihlobiso yangaphakathi yemoto inani elikhulu lendlela yokuhombisa yangaphakathi yemoto.Njengomqhubi omtsha we-4, ukongamela "i-70" kwiqela labathengi bolutsha kuthandwa kakhulu.Ukusukela ngoko, uBadao ujoyine usapho lakwaLand Cruiser njengesebe.Yayiyi-prototype ye-suv ethandwa kakhulu ngoku.Iimodeli ezingama-80 ezaziswa ngo-1989 zaziphuculwe kwiimodeli zamva ezingama-61, Kulungile?Iimodeli zaseMelika zokunethezeka ze-sedan off-road, ngelo xesha zazikwindawo ephambili yemoto.Ekuhanjisweni komatshini, imodi yokuqhuba ukusuka kumsebenzi wokwabelana ngexesha ukuya kumsebenzi osisigxina.I-chassis isebenzisa imithombo eqinile enamavili ama-4 (ngaphandle kweemodeli ezithile).Ukongeza kwiimodeli ezingama-60 ze-injini ye-3f-e, imodeli ye-1hd-t ine-turbocharged 4163cc ene-injini yedizili enaliti ngqo kunye nemodeli eyi-1hz enqwenelekayo ngokwendalo ye-diesel.Ngo-1992 yafakelwa injini yepetroli eyi-4,476cc "1fz-fe" engaphezulu kwecamshaft yepetroli.Ukusukela ngoko, ixesha elide elisebenzayo kwintsimi ye-injini ye-injini ekugqibeleni liyeke inqanaba lembali.Ngowe-1998, iimodeli zokuqala ze-100 zathatha indawo ye-80 ephezulu, kamva.Ngo-1996, "i-90 Badao" yavela "ku-70" iimoto zabakhweli kunye nemithwalo zaqala ukuqalisa uhambo.Ngaphambili, imowudi yokwabelana ngexesha lokuqhuba yatshintshwa yaya kwimowudi yokuqhuba ngokusisigxina, kwaye isithuthi sonke sasixhotyiswe nge-synchronizer ephakathi, i-abs, kunye ne-srs airbags.Ii-injini zangoku ziyi-V-shaped 6-cylinder dohc engine model “5vz-fe”, in-line 4-cylinder dohc engine enemodeli “3rz-fe”, kunye ne-in-line 4-cylinder dohc turbocharged direct injection diesel engine “ 1kd-ftv” (yamkelwa ngo-2000, imodeli yokuqala yi-1kz-te turbocharged diesel engine).Njengelungu lothotho lweLand Cruiser, ikwanoyilo oluninzi olungekho endleleni.Njengemoto enemvakalelo yokuqhuba lula, iyathandwa.Iimoto ze-100 eziveliswe kwi-1998 zaqhubeka nesitayela se-flagship esekelwe kulungiso olupheleleyo lweemodeli ze-80 zangaphambili.Ndim lowo?Imodeli oyibona apha.Kwilifa le-80 yokusebenza okuphezulu kunye nokulula ngexesha elifanayo, kunye nombono "owenziwe emhlabeni" kwaye wafuna i-land cruiser ingqiqo yokuqala yamandla kunye nokuqina.Ii-injini zifumaneka kuhlengahlengiso ezimbini: a 2uz-fe v8 injini yepetroli kunye 1hd-fte turbocharged injini yedizili.Inkqubo yokunqunyanyiswa yangaphambili isebenzisa ukunqunyanyiswa okuzimeleyo kwengalo ye-rocker, ngelixa ixhotyiswe nge-oyile yoxinzelelo lwesixhobo sokuphakamisa umzimba "ahc" kunye ne-trc ehlengahlengiswayo, inkqubo yolawulo lozinzo lwemoto kunye nezinye iimpumelelo zetekhnoloji zamva nje.Inqanaba lesithuthi liphakanyiswe kwinqanaba elitsha.Ngo-2002, umxhaphazi waba nenkqubela enkulu.Okokuqala, kukho iintlobo ezintathu zeenjini: V-uhlobo lwe-6-cylinder dohc injini yepetroli "5vz-fe", emgceni 4-cylinder dohc injini yepetroli "3rz-fe", kunye ne-4-cylinder dohc kaloliwe eqhelekileyo turbocharged naliti ngqo idizili. injini "ikd-ftv".Kwangaxeshanye, i-Badao entsha iphinda isebenzise isakhelo esandula kuphuhliswa eyomeleleyo kunye nolawulo oluzimeleyo lwekhohlo nasekunene lwe-air conditioning oluzenzekelayo, ngoko ayifanelekanga kuphela kwimidlalo eyomeleleyo, kodwa inokwenza umqhubi azive egudileyo kwaye ekhuselekile.Ngeli xesha, umkhweli ongasemva unokonwabela inkqubo yokuzonwabisa yeWindows esanda kufakwa.Ayiphelelanga apho, kodwa nokongezwa kwe-torque esanda kuphuhliswa lsd kunye nolawulo oluncedisayo lokuhla kwe-strain gauge trc, ephucule ngakumbi ukusebenza kwayo okuphezulu.