ZOSEFA MAFUTA

Mutu: fotokozani kalavani: mawonekedwe ndi ntchito

Kalavani, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti galimoto yokokedwa, ndi galimoto yomwe imakokedwa kuseri kwa galimoto ina, nthawi zambiri thalakitala kapena semi-trailer. Makalavani amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula katundu ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo ngolo, makina, zipangizo, ndi zomangira.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya ma trailer, iliyonse ili ndi mawonekedwe ake komanso ntchito zake. Mwachitsanzo, kalavani wa bokosi ndi ngolo yokhazikika yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula katundu ngati bokosi. Kalavani ya thirakitala, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti semi-trailer, ndi ngolo yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi thirakitala, kapena moyendetsa wamkulu, pogwiritsa ntchito njira yolumikizira. Izi zimathandiza thalakitala kukokera ngolo, m’malo moiyendetsa yokha.

Mtundu wina wa ngolo ndi kalavani ya flatbed, yomwe idapangidwa kuti izinyamula katundu mumpangidwe wathyathyathya, wosatsitsa. Makalavani a flatbed nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula katundu monga mipando, zamagetsi, ndi zomangira. Amapangidwa kuti azitsitsidwa mosavuta, kuwapangitsa kukhala abwino kuti atumizidwe kumadera akutali kapena komwe kuli kovuta kupeza.

Kuphatikiza pa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo pamayendedwe, ma trailer amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pantchito yomanga. Kalavani nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutengera zida, zida, ndi makina kupita kumalo omanga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makontrakitala azigwira ntchito bwino. Ma trailer amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula katundu womalizidwa kupita kumalo ogulitsa ndi masitolo, kuchepetsa kufunikira kwa mayendedwe owonjezera.

Chitetezo ndichofunika kwambiri pama trailer. Makalavani amayenera kukwaniritsa malamulo achitetezo okhazikitsidwa ndi boma kuti katundu ayende bwino. Makalavani amapangidwanso ndi zinthu zomwe zimathandiza kupewa ngozi, monga kuyatsa, zowunikira, ndi zida zowonekera.

Mwachidule, ma trailer ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pantchito zoyendera, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula katundu ndi zida zambiri. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'makampani omanga kuti apititse patsogolo ntchito komanso kuchepetsa zinyalala. Ndi mawonekedwe awo achitetezo komanso kuthekera kokwaniritsa zofunikira pakuwongolera, ma trailer ndi chida chofunikira pakuyenda kotetezeka komanso koyenera kwa katundu ndi zida.